Author: Monitha Polavarapu, Grade 7
Introduction
The goal is to build a prototype of a fire extinguisher which is commonly found on the ceiling of some houses, hotels, restaurants, etc. The fire extinguisher will spray water out when fire is detected and stops when the flame is extinguished.
Components
The components needed are:
- Relay module
- Flame sensor
- Arduino
- Shield
- Pump
- LEDs
- Jumper wires
- Bucket with water and a base
Scientific theory
A hot object emits IR radiation. IR stands for infrared radiation and IR radiation is a part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The IR radiations are detected by the flame sensor. Then, the radiant intensity is converted into a relevant voltage in the sensor. That voltage is sent as a signal to the Arduino which in turn turns the pump on and sprays water.
Procedure
The flame sensor is taken and connected to the Arduino alongwith the buzzer, the LED’s and a relay module. The shield sits on top of the Arduino. The pump is taken and connected to the relay module as a pump can only pump out water when it is connected to 5 volts. The circuit diagram is as shown below:
Precautions
- Ensure that the water would not run out since it damages the pump.
- Keep it away from the sun since the sun’s radiation also has IR radiation and it triggers the IR sensor.
- Ensure it does not fall because the water inside it will spill and the electrical components will be damaged.
- Ensure that the USB wire is not connected to the Arduino for too long or else it does not know what to do and will dispense water.
Output
When the flame sensor detects flame, the fire extinguisher dispenses water and the red LED will glow or else the green LED will glow .The fire extinguisher stops when it doesn’t detect fire.
Conclusion
This project is a prototype of commercial fire extinguishing systems in residential and commercial buildings. It has a variety of safety and industrial applications.
